Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Random early detection (RED), also known as random early discard or random early drop is an active queue management algorithm. It is also a congestion avoidance algorithm. In the traditional tail drop algorithm, a router or other network component buffers as many packets as it can, and simply drops the ones it cannot buffer. If buffers are constantly full, the network is congested. Tail drop distributes buffer space unfairly among traffic flows (as the number of packets lost is proportional to the number sent - irrespective of their size). Tail drop can also lead to TCP global synchronization as all TCP connections "hold back" simultaneously, and then step forward simultaneously. Networks become under-utilized and flooded by turns. RED addresses these issues.

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