High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! In mathematics, the sign function is an odd mathematical function that extracts the sign of a real number. To avoid confusion with the sine function, this function is often called the signum function (from signum, Latin for "sign"). In mathematical expressions the sign function is often represented as sgn. In mathematics, the absolute value (or modulus) |a| of a real number a is a's numerical value without regard to its sign. So, for example, 3 is the absolute value of both 3 and ?3. Generalizations of the absolute value for real numbers occur in a wide variety of mathematical settings. For example an absolute value is also defined for the complex numbers, the quaternions, ordered rings, fields and vector spaces. The absolute value is closely related to the notions of magnitude, distance, and norm in various mathematical and physical contexts.

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