High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! In mathematics, the square root of a matrix extends the notion of square root from numbers to matrices. In linear algebra and operator theory, given a bounded positive semidefinite operator (a non-negative operator) T on a complex Hilbert space, B is a square root of T if T = B* B, where B* denotes the Hermitian adjoint of B. According to the spectral theorem, the continuous functional calculus can be applied to obtain an operator T 1/2 such that T 1/2 is itself positive and (T 1/2 )2 = T. The operator T 1/2 is the unique non-negative square root of T. A bounded non-negative operator on a complex Hilbert space is self adjoint by definition. So T = (T 1/2 )* T 1/2 . Conversely, it is trivially true that every operator of the form B* B is non-negative. Therefore, an operator T is non-negative if and only if T = B* B for some B (equivalently, T = CC* for some C). The Cholesky factorization is a particular example of square root.

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