The book deals with theoretical and practical issues of taxation in modern Russia in the conditions of market economy development. The General characteristics of the country``s tax system, its components, and the mechanism of legal regulation of relations in the tax sphere are given. Special attention is paid to the problems of tax control, tax violations and measures of legal responsibility for their Commission in the Russian Federation. For students, postgraduates and teachers of economic faculties of higher education institutions, practitioners of financial authorities, as well as for all those who are interested in tax problems in the Russian Federation.