In eastern Uganda, soils have been characterised as limited in Nitrogen. Soil management technologies were therefore incorporated into farming systems in Tororo district, eastern Uganda. The objectives were to determine: the optimal combinations of legume cover crops or biomass transfer species and inorganic fertilizers for replenishing fertility; the acceptance levels and the farmer perceptions of 8 shrub- and tree species. Partial budgeting, linear programming analysis and descriptive statistics were used as analytical tools. 100% Mucuna pruriens incorporation and 0.9 t ha-1 Tithonia diversifolia incorporation with an inorganic nitrogen application at the rate of 30 kilograms hectare-1 were found to be the optimal soil management options on 0.045 and 0.872 hectares of land respectively, with investment costs of 495,120 Uganda Shillings.The major problematic aspects were technology accessibility and labour constraints. The strengthening of advisory services, government facilitated input delivery through private sector supply would play a critical role in soil fertility replenishment in Uganda.

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