Although there is wide acceptance that free trade brings about benefits to the countries involved, its spatial implications are not clear. Neo-classical models have suggested that trade contributes to an economic levelling off. The new economic geography (NEG) has argued that the benefits of trade can be concentrated in few places or dispersed to other areas based on the action of two sets of countervailing forces and transportation costs. Mexico's closed-economy approach was associated to concentration of economic activity in the main market: Mexico City. Trade liberalisation after accession to GATT and later also to NAFTA has shifted the relevant market to the US and has favoured growth in border-states. These developments make of Mexico a prime example to explore NEG's proposals. Increasing spatial inequality after trade, raises a number of questions: is trade related to growth or disparities? Are NEG factors such as distance to markets, determinants of growth? What role is there for endogenous local factors? Can other regions catch-up and under what circumstances? These are some of the issues that the book attempts to explore.

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