High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Tunnel ionization is a process in which electrons in an atom (or a molecule) pass through the potential barrier and escape from the atom (or molecule). In an intense electric field, the potential barrier of an atom (molecule) is distorted drastically. Therefore, the length of the barrier that electrons have to pass decreases and electrons can escape from the atom (molecule) easily. As an electric field of light is an alternating electric field, the direction of the electric field reverses after the half period of the field. Because electrons have a charge, electrons escaping by tunnel ionization come and go to the atom (molecule) in every half period. In this process, some electrons recombine with the nucleus (nuclei).

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