High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! In physics, engineering, and applied mathematics, Welch's method, named after P.D. Welch, is used for estimating the power of a signal vs. frequency, reducing noise compared to the methods it is based upon. Welch's method is based on the concept of using periodograms, which converts a signal from the time domain to the frequency domain. Welch's method is an improvement on the standard periodogram method and Bartlett's method in that it reduces noise in the estimated power spectra in exchange for reducing the frequency resolution. Due to the noise caused by imperfect and finite data, the noise reduction from Welch's method is often desired. The periodogram is calculated by computing the discrete Fourier transform, and then computing the squared magnitude of the result. The individual periodograms are then time-averaged, which reduces the variance of the individual power measurements. The end result is an array of power measurements vs. frequency "bin".

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